[1]潘　晔.先天性心脏病的发病特点及影响因素分析[J].新乡医学院学报,2019,36(3):281-284.[doi:10.7683/xxyxyxb.2019.03.019]
　PAN Ye.Analysis of the characteristics and influencing factors of congenital heart disease[J].Journal of Xinxiang Medical University,2019,36(3):281-284.[doi:10.7683/xxyxyxb.2019.03.019]
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先天性心脏病的发病特点及影响因素分析
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《新乡医学院学报》[ISSN:1004-7239/CN:41-1186/R]

卷:
36
期数:
2019年3
页码:
281-284
栏目:
临床研究
出版日期:
2019-03-05

文章信息/Info

Title:
Analysis of the characteristics and influencing factors of congenital heart disease
作者:
潘　晔
（河南省胸科医院，河南　郑州　450003）
Author(s):
PAN Ye
（Henan Provincial Chest Hospital，Zhengzhou 450003，Henan Province，China）
关键词:
先天性心脏病; 发病特点; 影响因素
Keywords:
congenital heart disease; characteristics of onset; influencing factors
分类号:
R541.7
DOI:
10.7683/xxyxyxb.2019.03.019
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
目的　探讨先天性心脏病（CHD）的发病特点及影响因素。方法　选择2011年1月至2016年12月河南省胸科医院心外科收治的2 533例CHD患者为研究对象，收集患者临床资料，分析发病特点。从2 533例患者中随机选取500例患者作为观察组，另选择同期体检健康青少年500例作为对照组。设计《CHD相关因素调查问卷》，对2组受试者母亲进行问卷调查，对CHD的可能影响因素进行单因素及多因素条件logistic回归分析。结果　不同性别CHD患者构成比比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.765，P>0.05）；不同疾病类型CHD患者构成比比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=1.460，P<0.01），其中室间隔缺损、房间隔缺损患者所占比率最高，显著高于动脉导管未闭、法鲁四联症、肺动脉瓣狭窄和主动脉瓣狭窄（χ2=475.996、454.075、475.996、558.901、503.354、480.963、503.354、587.829，P<0.05）。单因素分析结果显示，母亲高龄、不良孕产史、孕早期感染、孕早期精神刺激、孕早期有害物质接触史、孕期患病、孕期营养与CHD的发生有关（P<0.05）。多因素条件logistic回归分析结果显示，母亲高龄、不良孕产史、孕早期感染、孕早期精神刺激、孕期营养为发生CHD的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论　CHD由多种因素导致，育龄期妇女应做好孕前相关检查，避免接触有害物质，孕妇避免受到精神刺激，孕早期避免发生感染，合理膳食。
Abstract:
Objective　To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of congenital heart disease（CHD）.Methods　A total of 2 533 patients with CHD in the Department of Cardiac Surgery，Henan Provincial Chest Hospital from January 2011 to December 2016 were selected as the subjects，and the clinical data of patients were collected and the characteristics of the disease were analyzed.Five hundred patients were randomly selected as the observation group，and 500 healthy adolescents in the same period were selected as the control group.The "Questionnaire on Related Factors of CHD" was designed and the mothers of subjects in the two groups were surveyed by questionnaire.The single factor and multifactor condition logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze the possible influencing factors of CHD.Results　There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of CHD patients with different ages（χ2=0.765；P>0.05）.There was significant difference in the constituent ratio of CHD patients with different disease types （χ2=1.460，P<0.01）；the constituent ratios of patients with ventricular septal defect（VSD） and atrial septal defect（ASD） were the highest，which was significantly higher than those with the patent ductus arteriosus，tetralogy of Fallot，pulmonary stenosis and aortic stenosis （χ2=475.996，454.075，475.996，558.901，503.354，480.963，503.354，587.829；P<0.05）.Univariate analysis showed that the incidence of CHD was related to maternal age，adverse pregnancy and childbirth history，early pregnancy infection，early pregnancy mental stimulation，early pregnancy exposure to harmful substances，pregnant diseases and pregnant nutrition （P<0.05）；multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that older mothers，poor pregnancy and childbirth history，early pregnancy infection，early pregnancy mental stimulation，nutrition during pregnancy were independent risk factors of CHD （P<0.05）.Conclusion　CHD is a disease caused by many factors.Women of child-bearing age should do a good job of pre-pregnancy related testing;pregnant women avoid exposing to harmful substances,avoid mental stimulation and infection in early pragnacy and accept a reasonable diet.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2019-03-05